diff --git a/.github/workflows/openmetrics.yml b/.github/workflows/openmetrics.yml
index 18584638b..77f1f29e4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/openmetrics.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/openmetrics.yml
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  # v4.2.2
+      with:
+        # Full history is needed to find the merge base with the target branch.
+        fetch-depth: 0
     - name: Set up Python 3.x
       uses: actions/setup-python@a26af69be951a213d495a4c3e4e4022e16d87065  # v5.6.0
       with:
@@ -21,3 +24,9 @@ jobs:
     - name: Check ABNF for OpenMetrics 2.0
       run: |
         python3 openmetrics-spec-tests/check_openmetrics_spec.py docs/specs/om/open_metrics_spec_2_0.md
+    - name: Check version bump for OpenMetrics 2.0
+      env:
+        BASE_REF: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.ref }}
+        HEAD_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+      run: |
+        python3 openmetrics-spec-tests/check_openmetrics_spec_version.py "origin/$BASE_REF" "$HEAD_SHA" docs/specs/om/open_metrics_spec_2_0.md
diff --git a/openmetrics-spec-tests/check_openmetrics_spec_version.py b/openmetrics-spec-tests/check_openmetrics_spec_version.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4596e0196
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openmetrics-spec-tests/check_openmetrics_spec_version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#!/bin/env python3
+#
+# This script checks that any change to an OpenMetrics specification file
+# also changes its version. The spec must contain a line such as:
+#    - Version: 2.0.0-rc0
+#
+# The spec at <head> is compared against the merge base of <base> and <head>,
+# so only the changes introduced by <head> are considered.
+#
+# Usage: python3 check_openmetrics_spec_version.py <base> <head> <filename.md>
+# Example:
+#    python3 check_openmetrics_spec_version.py origin/main HEAD docs/specs/om/open_metrics_spec_2_0.md
+
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+version_re = re.compile(r'^- Version:\s*(.*?)\s*$')
+
+def git(*args):
+    return subprocess.run(['git', *args], capture_output=True, text=True)
+
+def get_version(revision, filename):
+    """
+    Returns the version from the spec at the given git revision, or None
+    if the file or the version line does not exist there.
+    """
+    result = git('show', f'{revision}:{filename}')
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return None
+    for line in result.stdout.splitlines():
+        match = version_re.match(line)
+        if match:
+            return match.group(1)
+    return None
+
+# Main
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    if len(sys.argv) != 4:
+        print("Usage: python3 check_openmetrics_spec_version.py <base> <head> <filename.md>")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    base, head, filename = sys.argv[1:]
+    if not filename.endswith('.md'):
+        print(f"Error: {filename} is not a Markdown file.")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    merge_base = git('merge-base', base, head)
+    if merge_base.returncode != 0:
+        print(f"Error: cannot find merge base of {base} and {head}: {merge_base.stderr.strip()}")
+        sys.exit(1)
+    merge_base = merge_base.stdout.strip()
+
+    if git('diff', '--quiet', merge_base, head, '--', filename).returncode == 0:
+        print(f"No changes to {filename} since {merge_base}, nothing to check.")
+        sys.exit(0)
+
+    old_version = get_version(merge_base, filename)
+    new_version = get_version(head, filename)
+
+    if not new_version:
+        print(f"Error: no '- Version: <version>' line found in {filename}.")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    if old_version == new_version:
+        print(f"Error: {filename} changed but its version is still '{new_version}'.")
+        print("Bump the '- Version:' line so that spec changes are versioned.")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    print(f"Version of {filename} changed from '{old_version or '<none>'}' to '{new_version}'.")