diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 4fce034..f2bc2e1 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -26,11 +26,13 @@ print(psi.source)
 # from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 #
 # def psi_vec(x):
-#     """@vectorize
+#     """
+#     @vectorize
 #     def psi(x):
 #         if x < 0:
 #             return 0.0
-#         return x * math.exp(-x)"""
+#         return x * math.exp(-x)
+#     """
 #     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
 #     return xp.where(x < 0, 0.0, x * xp.exp(-x))
 ```
@@ -41,11 +43,13 @@ The same `psi` runs unchanged on torch tensors, JAX arrays, CuPy arrays, or
 ## Installation
 
 ```bash
-pip install -e ".[dev]"   # from a checkout
-make check                # lint + type + test + coverage
+pip install "array-vectorize @ git+https://github.com/grAItools/array-vectorize.git"
 ```
 
 Requires Python >= 3.12. The only runtime dependency is `array-api-compat`.
+The package is not on PyPI yet; once published, plain
+`pip install array-vectorize` will work. From a checkout (development):
+`pip install -e ".[dev]"` then `make check` (lint + type + test + coverage).
 
 ## Public API
 
diff --git a/docs/index.md b/docs/index.md
index 44bbfcd..b291c7a 100644
--- a/docs/index.md
+++ b/docs/index.md
@@ -30,11 +30,13 @@ inspectable.
     from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
     def psi_vec(x):
-        """@vectorize
+        """
+        @vectorize
         def psi(x):
             if x < 0:
                 return 0.0
-            return x * math.exp(-x)"""
+            return x * math.exp(-x)
+        """
         xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
         return xp.where(x < 0, 0.0, x * xp.exp(-x))
     ```
@@ -50,11 +52,13 @@ or `array_api_strict` arrays.
 ## Installation
 
 ```bash
-pip install -e ".[dev]"   # from a checkout
-make check                # lint + type + test + coverage
+pip install "array-vectorize @ git+https://github.com/grAItools/array-vectorize.git"
 ```
 
 Requires Python >= 3.12. The only runtime dependency is `array-api-compat`.
+The package is not on PyPI yet; once published, plain
+`pip install array-vectorize` will work. From a checkout (development):
+`pip install -e ".[dev]"` then `make check` (lint + type + test + coverage).
 
 ## Highlights
 
diff --git a/src/array_vectorize/codegen/emitter.py b/src/array_vectorize/codegen/emitter.py
index 5152857..3ef51ed 100644
--- a/src/array_vectorize/codegen/emitter.py
+++ b/src/array_vectorize/codegen/emitter.py
@@ -258,8 +258,18 @@ def generate_source(lowered: LoweredFunction, program: Program, *, pinned: bool
         )
     else:
         ns_line = _namespace_line(ns, all_params)
+    # original source, verbatim — the docstring is cleandoc-exact:
+    # ast.get_docstring / inspect.getdoc on the generated function recover
+    # the original scalar source verbatim
+    indent = "    "  # docstring is always the first statement, body level
+    doc_value = (
+        "\n"
+        + "\n".join(indent + line if line.strip() else "" for line in lowered.source.splitlines())
+        + "\n"
+        + indent
+    )
     body: list[ast.stmt] = [
-        ast.Expr(value=ast.Constant(value=lowered.source)),  # original source, verbatim
+        ast.Expr(value=ast.Constant(value=doc_value)),
         ns_line,
     ]
     for stmt in program.bindings:
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/abs_round.py b/tests/golden/cases/abs_round.py
index fb2d4d4..d9a67d5 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/abs_round.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/abs_round.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def abs_round_vec(x):
-    """def abs_round(x):
-    return abs(x) + round(x)"""
+    """
+    def abs_round(x):
+        return abs(x) + round(x)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     t_1 = xp.asarray(x)
     return xp.abs(t_1) + xp.round(t_1)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/add.py b/tests/golden/cases/add.py
index 55a788c..80bffb9 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/add.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/add.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def add_vec(x, y):
-    """def add(x, y):
-    return x + y"""
+    """
+    def add(x, y):
+        return x + y
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x, y) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return x + y
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/add_pinned.py b/tests/golden/cases/add_pinned.py
index 227dff5..d697e8a 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/add_pinned.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/add_pinned.py
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 def add_vec(x, y, *, _namespace=None):
-    """def add(x, y):
-    return x + y"""
+    """
+    def add(x, y):
+        return x + y
+    """
     xp = _namespace
     return x + y
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/arith_ops.py b/tests/golden/cases/arith_ops.py
index eba3713..66e39a2 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/arith_ops.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/arith_ops.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def arith_ops_vec(x, y):
-    """def arith_ops(x, y):
-    return (x + y - x * y) / (x * x + y * y)"""
+    """
+    def arith_ops(x, y):
+        return (x + y - x * y) / (x * x + y * y)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x, y) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return (x + y - x * y) / (x * x + y * y)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/bitwise_ops.py b/tests/golden/cases/bitwise_ops.py
index 5cfcdab..0406f21 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/bitwise_ops.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/bitwise_ops.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def bitwise_ops_vec(x, y):
-    """def bitwise_ops(x, y):
-    return (x & y) | (x ^ 3) << 1 >> 2"""
+    """
+    def bitwise_ops(x, y):
+        return (x & y) | (x ^ 3) << 1 >> 2
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x, y) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return x & y | (x ^ 3) << 1 >> 2
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/boolop_logical.py b/tests/golden/cases/boolop_logical.py
index 7bf6446..b44f6f7 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/boolop_logical.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/boolop_logical.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def boolop_logical_vec(x, y):
-    """def boolop_logical(x, y):
-    return ((x > 0) and (y > 0)) or not (x < 0)"""
+    """
+    def boolop_logical(x, y):
+        return ((x > 0) and (y > 0)) or not (x < 0)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x, y) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp.logical_or(xp.logical_and(x > 0, y > 0), xp.logical_not(x < 0))
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/boolop_numeric.py b/tests/golden/cases/boolop_numeric.py
index 7fbe529..336077b 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/boolop_numeric.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/boolop_numeric.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def boolop_numeric_vec(x, y):
-    """def boolop_numeric(x, y):
-    return x and y"""
+    """
+    def boolop_numeric(x, y):
+        return x and y
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x, y) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp.where(x != 0, y, x)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/both_branches_assign.py b/tests/golden/cases/both_branches_assign.py
index 63f06ee..2a3ed20 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/both_branches_assign.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/both_branches_assign.py
@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def both_branches_assign_vec(x):
-    """def both_branches_assign(x):
-    if x > 0:
-        y = x
-        z = 1.0
-    else:
-        y = -x
-        z = 2.0
-    return y + z"""
+    """
+    def both_branches_assign(x):
+        if x > 0:
+            y = x
+            z = 1.0
+        else:
+            y = -x
+            z = 2.0
+        return y + z
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     y_1 = x
     z_1 = 1.0
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/casts.py b/tests/golden/cases/casts.py
index aafce8c..1befbfe 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/casts.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/casts.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def casts_vec(x):
-    """def casts(x):
-    return int(x) + float(x) + bool(x) + math.trunc(x)"""
+    """
+    def casts(x):
+        return int(x) + float(x) + bool(x) + math.trunc(x)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     t_1 = xp.asarray(x)
     t_2 = xp.astype(t_1, xp.int64)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/clamp.py b/tests/golden/cases/clamp.py
index f06cccc..904df34 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/clamp.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/clamp.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def clamp_vec(x, lo=0.0, hi=1.0):
-    """def clamp(x, lo=0.0, hi=1.0):
-    if x < lo:
-        return lo
-    if x > hi:
-        return hi
-    return x"""
+    """
+    def clamp(x, lo=0.0, hi=1.0):
+        if x < lo:
+            return lo
+        if x > hi:
+            return hi
+        return x
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x, lo, hi) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp.where(x < lo, lo, xp.where(x > hi, hi, x))
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/closure_array.py b/tests/golden/cases/closure_array.py
index 758baa6..b657fd0 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/closure_array.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/closure_array.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def closure_array_vec(x, *, ARR=None):
-    """def closure_array(x):
-    return x + ARR"""
+    """
+    def closure_array(x):
+        return x + ARR
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x, ARR) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return x + ARR
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/closure_scalar.py b/tests/golden/cases/closure_scalar.py
index d335ce2..321db23 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/closure_scalar.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/closure_scalar.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def closure_scalar_vec(x):
-    """def closure_scalar(x):
-    return x * SCALE"""
+    """
+    def closure_scalar(x):
+        return x * SCALE
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return x * 3.0
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/compare_chain.py b/tests/golden/cases/compare_chain.py
index b817ed1..702fdc4 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/compare_chain.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/compare_chain.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def compare_chain_vec(x):
-    """def compare_chain(x):
-    return 0 < x < 1"""
+    """
+    def compare_chain(x):
+        return 0 < x < 1
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp.logical_and(0 < x, x < 1)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/compare_ops.py b/tests/golden/cases/compare_ops.py
index d400f83..b5f643d 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/compare_ops.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/compare_ops.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def compare_ops_vec(x, y):
-    """def compare_ops(x, y):
-    return (x == y) + (x != y) + (x < y) + (x <= y) + (x > y) + (x >= y)"""
+    """
+    def compare_ops(x, y):
+        return (x == y) + (x != y) + (x < y) + (x <= y) + (x > y) + (x >= y)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x, y) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return _vec_arith(xp, 1, _vec_arith(xp, 1, _vec_arith(xp, 1, _vec_arith(xp, 1, _vec_arith(xp, 1, x == y, x != y), x < y), x <= y), x > y), x >= y)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/complex_expr.py b/tests/golden/cases/complex_expr.py
index 749a5df..da9c8c3 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/complex_expr.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/complex_expr.py
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def complex_expr_vec(x, y):
-    """def complex_expr(x, y):
-    t = math.exp(-(x * x + y * y))
-    return t / (1.0 + t)"""
+    """
+    def complex_expr(x, y):
+        t = math.exp(-(x * x + y * y))
+        return t / (1.0 + t)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x, y) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     t = xp.exp(xp.astype(xp.asarray(-(x * x + y * y)), xp.float64))
     return t / (1.0 + t)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/constants.py b/tests/golden/cases/constants.py
index cacdaa9..f6c4e49 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/constants.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/constants.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def constants_vec(x):
-    """def constants(x):
-    return x * math.pi + math.e + math.inf - math.nan"""
+    """
+    def constants(x):
+        return x * math.pi + math.e + math.inf - math.nan
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return x * 3.141592653589793 + 2.718281828459045 + xp.inf - xp.nan
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/cse_opportunity.py b/tests/golden/cases/cse_opportunity.py
index d2e6f73..acffa8c 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/cse_opportunity.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/cse_opportunity.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def cse_opportunity_vec(x):
-    """def cse_opportunity(x):
-    return math.sqrt(x) * math.sqrt(x) + math.sqrt(x)"""
+    """
+    def cse_opportunity(x):
+        return math.sqrt(x) * math.sqrt(x) + math.sqrt(x)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     t_1 = xp.asarray(x)
     t_2 = xp.astype(t_1, xp.float64)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/floor_mod_ops.py b/tests/golden/cases/floor_mod_ops.py
index 4c4c298..c1a0678 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/floor_mod_ops.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/floor_mod_ops.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def floor_mod_ops_vec(x):
-    """def floor_mod_ops(x):
-    return (x // 2) + (x % 3)"""
+    """
+    def floor_mod_ops(x):
+        return (x // 2) + (x % 3)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp.floor_divide(x, 2) + xp.remainder(x, 3)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/from_import.py b/tests/golden/cases/from_import.py
index b51841a..000b4d7 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/from_import.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/from_import.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def from_import_vec(x):
-    """def from_import(x):
-    return fexp(x)"""
+    """
+    def from_import(x):
+        return fexp(x)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp.exp(xp.astype(xp.asarray(x), xp.float64))
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/helper_outer.py b/tests/golden/cases/helper_outer.py
index 8df8142..078d866 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/helper_outer.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/helper_outer.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def helper_outer_vec(x):
-    """def helper_outer(x):
-    return helper_inner(x) + helper_inner(x * 2.0)"""
+    """
+    def helper_outer(x):
+        return helper_inner(x) + helper_inner(x * 2.0)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return helper_inner_vec(x) + helper_inner_vec(x * 2.0)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/kwonly_defaults.py b/tests/golden/cases/kwonly_defaults.py
index 067cd59..f7c76dd 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/kwonly_defaults.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/kwonly_defaults.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def kwonly_defaults_vec(x, *, scale=2.0, bias=0.5):
-    """def kwonly_defaults(x, *, scale=2.0, bias=0.5):
-    return x * scale + bias"""
+    """
+    def kwonly_defaults(x, *, scale=2.0, bias=0.5):
+        return x * scale + bias
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x, scale, bias) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return x * scale + bias
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/loop_accumulate.py b/tests/golden/cases/loop_accumulate.py
index a946f96..13f886a 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/loop_accumulate.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/loop_accumulate.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def loop_accumulate_vec(x):
-    """def loop_accumulate(x):
-    s = 0.0
-    for i in range(4):  # noqa: B007
-        s = s + x
-    return s"""
+    """
+    def loop_accumulate(x):
+        s = 0.0
+        for i in range(4):  # noqa: B007
+            s = s + x
+        return s
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     s = 0.0
     s_1 = s
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/loop_helper_caller.py b/tests/golden/cases/loop_helper_caller.py
index 5ef8102..666b40f 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/loop_helper_caller.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/loop_helper_caller.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def loop_helper_caller_vec(x):
-    """def loop_helper_caller(x):
-    s = 0.0
-    for i in range(3):  # noqa: B007
-        s = s + helper_inner(x)
-    return s"""
+    """
+    def loop_helper_caller(x):
+        s = 0.0
+        for i in range(3):  # noqa: B007
+            s = s + helper_inner(x)
+        return s
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     s = 0.0
     s_1 = s
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/loop_start_stop_step.py b/tests/golden/cases/loop_start_stop_step.py
index 1b12638..f9a9461 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/loop_start_stop_step.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/loop_start_stop_step.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def loop_start_stop_step_vec(x):
-    """def loop_start_stop_step(x):
-    s = 1.0
-    for i in range(2, 8, 3):
-        s = s * i
-    return s + x"""
+    """
+    def loop_start_stop_step(x):
+        s = 1.0
+        for i in range(2, 8, 3):
+            s = s * i
+        return s + x
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     s = 1.0
     s_1 = s
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/loop_two_carried.py b/tests/golden/cases/loop_two_carried.py
index db32fbe..0bf172d 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/loop_two_carried.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/loop_two_carried.py
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def loop_two_carried_vec(x):
-    """def loop_two_carried(x):
-    a = 0.0
-    b = 1.0
-    for i in range(3):  # noqa: B007
-        a = a + x
-        b = b * 2.0
-    return a + b"""
+    """
+    def loop_two_carried(x):
+        a = 0.0
+        b = 1.0
+        for i in range(3):  # noqa: B007
+            a = a + x
+            b = b * 2.0
+        return a + b
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     a = 0.0
     b = 1.0
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/loop_with_branch.py b/tests/golden/cases/loop_with_branch.py
index b186031..987b845 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/loop_with_branch.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/loop_with_branch.py
@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def loop_with_branch_vec(x):
-    """def loop_with_branch(x):
-    s = 0.0
-    for i in range(4):  # noqa: B007
-        if x > 0:  # noqa: SIM108
-            s = s + x
-        else:
-            s = s - 1.0
-    return s"""
+    """
+    def loop_with_branch(x):
+        s = 0.0
+        for i in range(4):  # noqa: B007
+            if x > 0:  # noqa: SIM108
+                s = s + x
+            else:
+                s = s - 1.0
+        return s
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     s = 0.0
     s_1 = s
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/math_calls.py b/tests/golden/cases/math_calls.py
index 3216012..f0f04f2 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/math_calls.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/math_calls.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def math_calls_vec(x):
-    """def math_calls(x):
-    return math.sqrt(x) + math.exp(x) + math.log1p(x) + math.sin(x)"""
+    """
+    def math_calls(x):
+        return math.sqrt(x) + math.exp(x) + math.log1p(x) + math.sin(x)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     t_1 = xp.asarray(x)
     t_2 = xp.astype(t_1, xp.float64)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/math_floor_ceil.py b/tests/golden/cases/math_floor_ceil.py
index c262422..495a20a 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/math_floor_ceil.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/math_floor_ceil.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def math_floor_ceil_vec(x):
-    """def math_floor_ceil(x):
-    return math.floor(x) + math.ceil(x)"""
+    """
+    def math_floor_ceil(x):
+        return math.floor(x) + math.ceil(x)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     t_1 = xp.asarray(x)
     t_2 = xp.astype(t_1, xp.float64)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/math_two_arg.py b/tests/golden/cases/math_two_arg.py
index 081df37..07c7397 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/math_two_arg.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/math_two_arg.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def math_two_arg_vec(x, y):
-    """def math_two_arg(x, y):
-    return math.atan2(x, y) + math.hypot(x, y) + math.copysign(x, y)"""
+    """
+    def math_two_arg(x, y):
+        return math.atan2(x, y) + math.hypot(x, y) + math.copysign(x, y)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x, y) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     t_1 = xp.asarray(x)
     t_2 = xp.asarray(y)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/merge_with_prior.py b/tests/golden/cases/merge_with_prior.py
index 1b4c310..90992f0 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/merge_with_prior.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/merge_with_prior.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def merge_with_prior_vec(x):
-    """def merge_with_prior(x):
-    r = 0.0
-    if x > 0:
-        r = x
-    return r"""
+    """
+    def merge_with_prior(x):
+        r = 0.0
+        if x > 0:
+            r = x
+        return r
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     r = 0.0
     r_1 = x
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/minmax.py b/tests/golden/cases/minmax.py
index 4f28664..27af9fb 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/minmax.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/minmax.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def minmax_vec(x, y):
-    """def minmax(x, y):
-    return min(x, y) + max(x, y, 3.0)"""
+    """
+    def minmax(x, y):
+        return min(x, y) + max(x, y, 3.0)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x, y) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     t_1 = xp.asarray(x)
     t_2 = xp.asarray(y)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/nested_early_returns.py b/tests/golden/cases/nested_early_returns.py
index 3ddc381..c8e7a61 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/nested_early_returns.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/nested_early_returns.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def nested_early_returns_vec(x):
-    """def nested_early_returns(x):
-    if x > 0:
-        if x > 10:
-            return 1.0
-        return 2.0
-    return 3.0"""
+    """
+    def nested_early_returns(x):
+        if x > 0:
+            if x > 10:
+                return 1.0
+            return 2.0
+        return 3.0
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp.where(x > 0, xp.where(x > 10, 1.0, 2.0), 3.0)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/nested_loops.py b/tests/golden/cases/nested_loops.py
index c3d902a..3092987 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/nested_loops.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/nested_loops.py
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def nested_loops_vec(x):
-    """def nested_loops(x):
-    s = 0.0
-    for i in range(3):  # noqa: B007
-        for j in range(2):  # noqa: B007  # noqa: B007
-            s = s + x
-    return s"""
+    """
+    def nested_loops(x):
+        s = 0.0
+        for i in range(3):  # noqa: B007
+            for j in range(2):  # noqa: B007  # noqa: B007
+                s = s + x
+        return s
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     s = 0.0
     s_1 = s
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/piecewise.py b/tests/golden/cases/piecewise.py
index b415801..153885f 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/piecewise.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/piecewise.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def piecewise_vec(x):
-    """def piecewise(x):
-    if x < -1:
-        return -1.0
-    elif x > 1:
-        return 1.0
-    return x"""
+    """
+    def piecewise(x):
+        if x < -1:
+            return -1.0
+        elif x > 1:
+            return 1.0
+        return x
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp.where(x < -1, -1.0, xp.where(x > 1, 1.0, x))
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/pow_op.py b/tests/golden/cases/pow_op.py
index 00db9a8..9872b9f 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/pow_op.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/pow_op.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def pow_op_vec(x):
-    """def pow_op(x):
-    return x**2 + 2.0**x"""
+    """
+    def pow_op(x):
+        return x**2 + 2.0**x
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp.pow(x, 2) + xp.pow(2.0, x)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/psi.py b/tests/golden/cases/psi.py
index c92c618..d4aa00c 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/psi.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/psi.py
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def psi_vec(x):
-    """def psi(x):
-    if x < 0:
-        return 0.0
-    return x * math.exp(-x)"""
+    """
+    def psi(x):
+        if x < 0:
+            return 0.0
+        return x * math.exp(-x)
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp.where(x < 0, 0.0, x * xp.exp(xp.astype(xp.asarray(-x), xp.float64)))
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/relu.py b/tests/golden/cases/relu.py
index 1a139b2..54e4361 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/relu.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/relu.py
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def relu_vec(x):
-    """def relu(x):
-    if x > 0:
-        return x
-    return 0.0"""
+    """
+    def relu(x):
+        if x > 0:
+            return x
+        return 0.0
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp.where(x > 0, x, 0.0)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/relu_with_else.py b/tests/golden/cases/relu_with_else.py
index fd29c2f..7eb914f 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/relu_with_else.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/relu_with_else.py
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def relu_with_else_vec(x):
-    """def relu_with_else(x):
-    if x > 0:  # noqa: SIM108
-        r = x
-    else:
-        r = 0.0
-    return r"""
+    """
+    def relu_with_else(x):
+        if x > 0:  # noqa: SIM108
+            r = x
+        else:
+            r = 0.0
+        return r
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     r_1 = x
     r_2 = 0.0
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/reserved_param.py b/tests/golden/cases/reserved_param.py
index c790ca0..e1d1464 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/reserved_param.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/reserved_param.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def reserved_param_vec(xp):
-    """def reserved_param(xp):
-    return xp + 1"""
+    """
+    def reserved_param(xp):
+        return xp + 1
+    """
     xp_1 = array_namespace(*[a for a in (xp,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp + 1
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/ssa_rebind.py b/tests/golden/cases/ssa_rebind.py
index 899d006..e9d82fa 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/ssa_rebind.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/ssa_rebind.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def ssa_rebind_vec(x):
-    """def ssa_rebind(x):
-    y = x + 1
-    y = y * 2
-    y += 3
-    return y"""
+    """
+    def ssa_rebind(x):
+        y = x + 1
+        y = y * 2
+        y += 3
+        return y
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     y = x + 1
     y_1 = y * 2
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/ternary.py b/tests/golden/cases/ternary.py
index a683791..8e0f2a6 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/ternary.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/ternary.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def ternary_vec(x):
-    """def ternary(x):
-    return x * 2 if x > 0 else x / 2"""
+    """
+    def ternary(x):
+        return x * 2 if x > 0 else x / 2
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return xp.where(x > 0, x * 2, x / 2)
diff --git a/tests/golden/cases/unary_ops.py b/tests/golden/cases/unary_ops.py
index 159a3a0..a69b032 100644
--- a/tests/golden/cases/unary_ops.py
+++ b/tests/golden/cases/unary_ops.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 from array_api_compat import array_namespace
 
 def unary_ops_vec(x):
-    """def unary_ops(x):
-    return -x + +x - ~x"""
+    """
+    def unary_ops(x):
+        return -x + +x - ~x
+    """
     xp = array_namespace(*[a for a in (x,) if hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')])
     return -x + +x - ~x
diff --git a/tests/test_inspectability.py b/tests/test_inspectability.py
index e605f5e..5ca36ca 100644
--- a/tests/test_inspectability.py
+++ b/tests/test_inspectability.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import ast
 import inspect
 import linecache
 import traceback
@@ -86,6 +87,17 @@ def test_name_and_docstring() -> None:
     assert "if x < 0:" in (vec.__doc__ or "")
 
 
+def test_docstring_cleandoc_exact() -> None:
+    # the docstring indents the original source to body level; cleandoc
+    # (ast.get_docstring / inspect.getdoc) recovers the original verbatim
+    vec = vectorize(relu_fn)
+    fn_def = ast.parse(vec.source).body[-1]
+    assert isinstance(fn_def, ast.FunctionDef)
+    original = inspect.getsource(relu_fn).strip()
+    assert ast.get_docstring(fn_def) == original
+    assert inspect.getdoc(vec) == original
+
+
 def test_idempotent_revectorization() -> None:
     vec1 = vectorize(relu_fn)
     vec2 = vectorize(vec1)
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_codegen.py b/tests/unit/test_codegen.py
index 94a564f..16dd6f1 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_codegen.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_codegen.py
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ def test_module_shape() -> None:
     src = gen(Program(("x",), (), Ref("x")))
     assert src.startswith("from array_api_compat import array_namespace")
     assert "def f_vec(x):" in src
-    assert '"""def f(x):\n    return x"""' in src
+    assert '"""\n    def f(x):\n        return x\n    """' in src
     assert "xp = array_namespace(" in src
     assert "hasattr(a, '__array_namespace__')" in src