diff --git a/src/codegen.rs b/src/codegen.rs
index 89be6894..7032b3ca 100644
--- a/src/codegen.rs
+++ b/src/codegen.rs
@@ -1134,6 +1134,8 @@ impl Printer {
                     first = false;
                     if let Some(kn) = k {
                         self.write(&format!("{kn}="));
+                    } else {
+                        self.write("**");
                     }
                     self.expr(v, prec::TERNARY);
                 }
diff --git a/src/decompiler.rs b/src/decompiler.rs
index 33a3465d..3f05b93c 100644
--- a/src/decompiler.rs
+++ b/src/decompiler.rs
@@ -15280,8 +15280,8 @@ impl<'a> Ctx<'a> {
                 let (ex_kws, star_kw) = if let Some(kw) = kwargs_opt {
                     let (k, s) = flatten_ex_kwargs(kw.clone());
                     // a DICT_MERGE-built kwargs dict with const keys
-                    // plus ONE trailing star is the compiler's own
-                    // layout for `f(kw=..., **x)` — decompose it back
+                    // plus expansion entries is the compiler's own
+                    // layout for `f(kw=..., **x, **y)` — decompose it back
                     // (the whole-dict rendering recompiles to
                     // BUILD_MAP + DICT_UPDATE and breaks sig-exactness;
                     // configparser 3.12 _get_conv). A DICT_UPDATE-built
@@ -15295,34 +15295,24 @@ impl<'a> Ctx<'a> {
                             break 'dc None;
                         }
                         if let Expr::Dict(entries) = &*kw {
-                            if entries.len() >= 2
-                                && matches!(
-                                    &*entries[entries.len() - 1].0,
-                                    Expr::Starred(_)
-                                )
-                                && entries[..entries.len() - 1].iter().all(
-                                    |(kk, _)| {
-                                        matches!(&**kk, Expr::Const(o)
-                                            if matches!(&**o, PyObject::Str(_)))
-                                    },
-                                )
-                            {
+                            if entries.iter().any(|(key, _)| matches!(&**key, Expr::Starred(_))) {
                                 let mut kws = Vec::new();
-                                for (kk, v) in &entries[..entries.len() - 1] {
-                                    if let Expr::Const(o) = &**kk {
-                                        if let PyObject::Str(name) = &**o {
-                                            kws.push((
-                                                Some(name.clone()),
-                                                v.clone(),
-                                            ));
+                                let mut named = Vec::new();
+                                for (key, value) in entries {
+                                    match &**key {
+                                        Expr::Starred(inner) => kws.push((None, inner.clone())),
+                                        Expr::Const(object) => {
+                                            let PyObject::Str(name) = &**object else { break 'dc None; };
+                                            if !is_kw_name_ok(name) || named.contains(name) {
+                                                break 'dc None;
+                                            }
+                                            named.push(name.clone());
+                                            kws.push((Some(name.clone()), value.clone()));
                                         }
+                                        _ => break 'dc None,
                                     }
                                 }
-                                if let Expr::Starred(inner) =
-                                    &*entries[entries.len() - 1].0
-                                {
-                                    break 'dc Some((kws, Some(inner.clone())));
-                                }
+                                break 'dc Some((kws, None));
                             }
                         }
                         None
@@ -47810,7 +47800,11 @@ impl<'a> Ctx<'a> {
                     _ => Vec::new(),
                 };
                 match &*other {
-                    Expr::Dict(d) => entries.extend(d.iter().cloned()),
+                    // A call expansion of a constructed dictionary keeps
+                    // that boundary. Flattening it into outer DICT_MERGE
+                    // entries would change its internal DICT_UPDATE's
+                    // overwrite semantics into duplicate-key errors.
+                    Expr::Dict(d) if inst.op == Op::DICT_UPDATE => entries.extend(d.iter().cloned()),
                     o => entries.push((
                         Rc::new(Expr::Starred(Rc::new(o.clone()))),
                         self.name_expr(""),
@@ -51362,7 +51356,7 @@ fn genexpr_ternary_merge(
                         _ => Vec::new(),
                     };
                     match &*other {
-                        Expr::Dict(d) => entries.extend(d.iter().cloned()),
+                        Expr::Dict(d) if inst.op == Op::DICT_UPDATE => entries.extend(d.iter().cloned()),
                         o => entries.push((
                             Rc::new(Expr::Starred(Rc::new(o.clone()))),
                             Rc::new(Expr::Name(String::new())),
diff --git a/tests/behavior/cases/b_ordered_keyword_expansions.py b/tests/behavior/cases/b_ordered_keyword_expansions.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1d45533c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/behavior/cases/b_ordered_keyword_expansions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# MIN_VERSION: 3.9
+
+
+def direct(fn, first, second):
+    return fn(1, fixed=2, **first, **second)
+
+
+def dictionary(fn, first, second):
+    return fn(1, **{"fixed": 2, **first, **second})
+
+
+def effectful(fn, get_first, get_second):
+    return fn(1, fixed=2, **get_first(), **get_second())
+
+
+def fn(*args, **kwargs):
+    print("call", args, sorted(kwargs.items()))
+def first():
+    print("first")
+    return {"fixed": 7}
+def second():
+    print("second")
+    return {"extra": 8}
+try:
+    direct(fn, {"fixed": 7}, {"extra": 8})
+except TypeError:
+    print("duplicate")
+dictionary(fn, {"fixed": 7}, {"extra": 8})
+try:
+    effectful(fn, first, second)
+except TypeError:
+    print("duplicate before second")
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/ordered_keyword_expansions.py b/tests/fixtures/ordered_keyword_expansions.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..306e8715
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/fixtures/ordered_keyword_expansions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+def direct(fn, first, second):
+    return fn(1, fixed=2, **first, **second)
+
+
+def interleaved(fn, first, second):
+    return fn(1, **first, fixed=2, **second)
+
+
+def mappings(fn, first, second):
+    return fn(1, **first, **second)
+
+
+def dictionary(fn, first, second):
+    return fn(1, **{"fixed": 2, **first, **second})
+
+
+def non_identifier(fn, first, second):
+    return fn(1, **{"my col": 2, **first, **second})
+
+
+def reserved_word(fn, first, second):
+    return fn(1, **{"class": 2, **first, **second})
+
+
+def repeated_literal(fn, first, second):
+    return fn(1, **{"fixed": 2, "fixed": 3, **first, **second})
+
+
+def effectful(fn, get_first, get_second):
+    return fn(1, fixed=2, **get_first(), **get_second())
diff --git a/tests/integration.rs b/tests/integration.rs
index f4af5082..983b4ce5 100644
--- a/tests/integration.rs
+++ b/tests/integration.rs
@@ -169,3 +169,26 @@ fn py314_hello() {
         "py3.14 hello",
     );
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn keyword_expansions_keep_merge_checks_and_dictionary_boundaries() {
+    for version in ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"] {
+        let fixture = format!("ordered_keyword_expansions.{version}.pyc");
+        let (src, clean) = decompile_fixture(&fixture);
+        assert!(clean, "{fixture}: output marked incomplete:\n{src}");
+        assert_contains(
+            &src,
+            &[
+                "return fn(1, fixed=2, **first, **second)",
+                "return fn(1, **first, **{'fixed': 2}, **second)",
+                "return fn(1, **first, **second)",
+                "return fn(1, **{'fixed': 2, **first, **second})",
+                "return fn(1, **{'my col': 2, **first, **second})",
+                "return fn(1, **{'class': 2, **first, **second})",
+                "return fn(1, **{'fixed': 2, 'fixed': 3, **first, **second})",
+                "return fn(1, fixed=2, **get_first(), **get_second())",
+            ],
+            &fixture,
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.10.pyc b/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.10.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..54ae9dcc
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.10.pyc differ
diff --git a/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.11.pyc b/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.11.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0a33d062
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.11.pyc differ
diff --git a/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.12.pyc b/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.12.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..aaa035b7
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.12.pyc differ
diff --git a/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.13.pyc b/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.13.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..444fa357
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.13.pyc differ
diff --git a/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.14.pyc b/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.14.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..02f4bed8
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.14.pyc differ
diff --git a/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.9.pyc b/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.9.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b3905ae4
Binary files /dev/null and b/tests/pyc/ordered_keyword_expansions.3.9.pyc differ